CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
Conditional tenses are used
to speculate about what could happen, what might have happened, and what we
wish would happen. In English, most sentences using the conditional contain the
word if. Many conditional forms in English are used in sentences that include
verbs in one of the past tenses. This usage is referred to as "the unreal
past" because we use a past tense but we are not actually referring to
something that happened in the past. There are five main ways of constructing
conditional sentences in English. In all cases, these sentences are made up of
an if clause and a main clause. In many negative conditional sentences, there
is an equivalent sentence construction using "unless" instead of
"if".
Type of condition
I condition possible to fulfill
II condition in theory possible to fulfill
III condition not possible to fulfill (too late)
TYPE 1 CONDITIONAL
The type 1 conditional is
used to refer to the present or future where the situation is real. The type 1
conditional refers to a possible condition and its probable result. In these
sentences the if clause is in the simple present, and the main clause is in the
simple future.
If clause Main clause
If + simple present simple future
If this thing happens that thing will happen.
If you don't hurry you will miss the train.
If it rains today you will get wet.
TYPE 2 CONDITIONAL
The type 2 conditional is
used to refer to a time that is now or any time, and a situation that is
unreal. These sentences are not based on fact. The type 2 conditional is used to
refer to a hypothetical condition and its probable result. In type 2
conditional sentences, the if clause uses the simple past, and the main clause
uses the present conditional.
If clause Main clause
If + simple past present conditional or present continuous
conditional
If this thing happened that thing would happen. (but I'm not sure
this thing will happen) OR
that thing would be
happening.
If you went to bed earlier you would not be so tired.
If it rained you would get wet.
If I spoke Italian I would be working in Italy.
TYPE 3 CONDITIONAL
The type 3 conditional is
used to refer to a time that is in the past, and a situation that is contrary
to reality. The facts they are based on are the opposite of what is expressed.
The type 3 conditional is used to refer to an unreal past condition and its
probable past result. In type 3 conditional sentences, the if clause uses the
past perfect, and the main clause uses the perfect conditional.
If clause Main clause
If + past perfect perfect conditional or perfect
continuous conditional
If this thing had happened that thing would have happened. (but
neither of those things really happened) OR
that thing would have been
happening.
If you had studied harder you would have passed the exam.
If it had rained you would have gotten wet.
If I had accepted that
promotion I would have been
working in Milan.
EXERICES :
Conditional Sentences Type I
Complete the Conditional Sentences Type I.
If you (go) ........... out with your friends tonight, I (watch) ........... the football match on TV.
I (earn) ........... a lot of money if I (get) ........... that job.
If she (hurry / not) ........... , we
(miss) ........... the bus.
Conditional Sentences Type II
Complete the Conditional Sentences Type II.
If he (try) ........... harder, he (reach) ........... his goals.
I (buy) ........... these shoes if they (fit) ...........
It (surprise / not) ........... me if he (know / not) ........... the answer.
Conditional Sentences Type III
Complete the Conditional Sentences Type III.
If we (listen) ........... to the radio, we (hear) ........... the news.
If you (switch) ........... on the lights, you (fall / not) ........... over the chair.
She (come) ........... to our party if she (be / not) ........... on holiday.
Sources :
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/conditional-sentences-3 www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/if.htm
www.edufind.com/english-grammar/conditional/
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar